![]() ![]() This force also gives the direction that the object will move. Newton’s 2nd (law of acceleration) states that the rate at which a body or object changes acceleration depends on the size of force being applied. ‘The rate of change in momentum (or acceleration) of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it and in the same direction as its application’. Imagine trying to stop the football or the truck if they were both rolling down a hill at the speed of 30 km.h -1. ![]() This is why rugby players try to increase their muscle mass if they are deemed ‘lightweight’ as this will make them harder to stop. Objects with more mass, or ones that are travelling faster are harder to change direction or stop. The term ‘Momentum’ is applied to moving objects, and relates to the force required to stop or alter its direction. This is one reason sumo wrestlers are highly endomorphic they have lots of body fat so they are harder to push out of the ring. It is obvious that you move a football by applying a small force when pushing or kicking it, however, if you tried to push or pull a truck like they do on World’s Strongest Man you would not be able to apply enough force to move it. The more mass an object has the greater its inertia as they have a larger tendency to resist changes in motion. Inertia is defined as ‘the reluctance of an object to change its state of motion’. Indeed if you are a bad golfer then a tree, bush, fence or other hazard might prevent the ball flying in constant uniform motion! If a ball has been hit high over a tree it will slow down at the top of the flight but will speed up as it is travelling back to the green.Īnother consideration for Newton’s first law relates to the force needed to move an object. If the ball was hit in space (where there is no gravity) the ball would continue to travel at the same velocity and in the same direction, forever … certainly until a meteor, satellite or planet got in the way! On earth, the ball would travel but air resistance and gravity (a force!) would act on the ball, preventing the ball from travelling in uniform motion. When a golfer places his/her ball on a tee at the first hole, the ball will remain (at rest) on the tee until the golfer swings their club to hit the ball (applies a force). We can see this when looking at some of the shots a golfer will play. There are a few considerations that need to be understood when applying this law to sport. Secondly an object that is moving will travel in the same direction and at the same velocity unless a force acts on it. Firstly, an object that is stationary will not move unless a force is applied to it. ‘A body will remain at rest or in constant uniform motion unless a force acts upon it’ ![]()
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